HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor Module OverviewThe HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor Module is a versatile, low-cost solution for accurate non-contact distance measurement. Using 40 kHz ultrasonic pulses, the module measures distances from 2 cm to 400 cm with a typical resolution of 3 mm. It is widely used in robotics, automation, security, and hobby electronics because of its simple four-pin interface and reliable performance.Key FeaturesWide measurement range: 2 cm to 400 cm (1 inch to 13 feet)High resolution: up to 3 mm for precise readingsFast response: typical response time under 10 millisecondsLow power consumption: around 15 mA during operationSimple 4-pin connection: VCC, Trig, Echo, GND for easy integrationCompact design: dimensions 45 mm x 20 mm x 15 mm for tight spacesDurable construction: built with components for dependable operationTechnical SpecificationsOperating voltage: 5 V DCWorking current: 15 mAMeasuring range: 2 cm to 400 cmResolution: 3 mmOperating frequency: 40 kHzTrigger input: 10 microsecond TTL pulseEcho output: pulse width proportional to distanceDimensions: 45 mm x 20 mm x 15 mmApplicationsObstacle avoidance and distance sensing for robotsProximity detection for security systemsObject detection in automation and industrial setupsLiquid level measurement in non-corrosive containersDistance-measuring devices and DIY electronics projectsWiring and IntegrationThe HC-SR04 uses four pins for a straightforward connection to most microcontrollers.VCC: 5 V DC power supplyTrig: Trigger input (send a 10 microsecond pulse to start measurement)Echo: Echo output (receive pulse width proportional to distance)GND: GroundArduino Quick StartConnect VCC to 5 V and GND to ground.Connect Trig to a digital output (e.g., D9) and Echo to a digital input (e.g., D10).Send a 10 microsecond HIGH pulse to Trig, then measure the pulse width on Echo to calculate distance: distance (cm) = pulseDuration / 58.Raspberry Pi Quick StartUse a 5 V power source for VCC, and connect GND to Pi ground.Use a GPIO pin for Trig (output) and a GPIO pin for Echo (input). Because Echo can output 5 V, use a level shifter or voltage divider to protect Pi GPIOs.Generate a 10 microsecond pulse on Trig and measure the Echo pulse width via timing routines to compute distance.Tips and Best PracticesMount the sensor on a stable surface to avoid false readings caused by vibration.Avoid placing the sensor near soft, angled, or highly absorbent surfaces that can scatter or absorb ultrasonic waves.For improved accuracy, average multiple readings and filter out outliers.Use a level shifter when connecting Echo to 3.3 V microcontrollers like Raspberry Pi.Why Choose the HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance SensorThe HC-SR04 strikes an excellent balance between cost, accuracy, and ease of use. Its compact size and low power draw make it ideal for battery-powered projects and compact robotic platforms. Whether you are building a simple proximity alarm or an advanced autonomous robot, the HC-SR04 provides reliable distance sensing with minimal integration effort.Note: Images are for illustration purposes only. Actual product may vary. Categories: Boards, Modules and Accessories, Sensors And Modules Tags: automation sensor, distance sensor, Obstacle Detection, Robotics Sensor College Road Electronics4.85 (317 Reviews)
